What is Sciatica?
It is a pain that begins in the area of the lower back and radiates down to the back of the thigh, calf and foot. Occasionally the pain is seen on the outer side of the thigh. Generally it is present on only one side. This generally occurs because the sciatic nerve is compressed by a herniated disc. Sciatica is a symptom of a herniated disc, not a disease,
What is disc prolapse?
A disc is a soft cushion that is placed between two spinal vertebrae or bones, so that their movement is smooth. A disc is made up of a central soft portion called pulp and an outer fibrous portion. When the outer fibrous portion is ruptured for some reason and the soft pulp pours out through the torn outer fibrous area, it can compress on the spinal cord or on the nerves. This is called a disc prolapse and leads to nerve compression.
How is disc prolapse diagnosed?
An MRI of the spine helps diagnose a nerve compression caused by disc prolapse. Occasionally CT scan and X-rays are necessary for completing diagnosis.
How is Sciatica treated?
Mild pains or Minor compressions can be managed conservatively and by physiotherapy. But major compressions leading to severe pain that is recurrent needs surgery.
What are the types of surgery for treatment of Sciatica?
A discectomy done either Endoscopically or microscopically is generally the treatment. Occasionally, a fixation and fusion may need to be done. Endoscopic discectomy is generally done under local anaesthesia and is a stitchless surgery. In both Endoscopic Discectomy and Microscopic Discectomy, the patient may be able to start walking a few hours after surgery.